The role of beliefs about teaching and assessment as mediating variables between beliefs about the nature of mathematics and characteristics related to the teaching profession
Mailizar Mailizar 1 * , Mutia Fariha 2, Rahmah Johar 3, Rini Oktavia 2
More Detail
1 Graduate School of Mathematics and Applied Sciences, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Indonesia
2 Department of Mathematics Education, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Indonesia
3 Department of Mathematics, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Indonesia
* Corresponding Author

Abstract

The professional character of mathematics teachers is influenced not only by their ability to manage learning but also by their beliefs about the subjects they teach. These beliefs include beliefs about the nature of mathematics (BNM), beliefs about mathematics learning (BTM), and beliefs about assessments (BAM). Together, these beliefs shape the professional character of teachers (CTP). Research indicates that BNM serves as a foundational aspect of teachers' beliefs in mathematics and significantly influences both BTM and BAM. However, there has been a lack of studies addressing how BNM affects CTP, either directly or indirectly, with BTM and BAM as mediators. This study investigates how BTM and BAM mediate the relationship between BNM and CTP. Data were collected from 160 elementary school teachers via an online questionnaire, and the relationships were analyzed using PLS-SEM methods. The findings revealed that BNM significantly affects CTP when mediated by both BTM and BAM simultaneously, while direct effects of BNM on CTP, and effects using either BTM or BAM alone, were not significant. These results indicate that focusing on both BTM and BAM is essential for enhancing the professional character of mathematics teachers. Educational institutions and teacher training centers should consider these mediators in curriculum development. Further research is recommended to explore these dynamics in greater depth, accounting for various teacher characteristics.  

Keywords

References

  • Al Umairi, K. S. (2024). Role of mathematics motivation in the relationship between mathematics self-efficacy and achievement. Journal of Pedagogical Research, 8(4), 125–146. https://doi.org/10.33902/jpr.202428560
  • Alkhateeb, M. A. (2019). Teachers’ beliefs about the nature, teaching and learning of mathematics and sources of these beliefs. International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research, 18(11), 329–347.
  • Beswick, K. (2006). The importance of mathematics teachers’ beliefs. The Australian Mathematics Teacher, 62(4), 17–21.
  • Beswick, K. (2012). Teachers’ beliefs about school mathematics and mathematicians’ mathematics and their relationship to practice. Educational Studies in Mathematics, 79(1), 127–147. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10649-011-9333-2
  • Boz, N. (2008). Turkish pre-service mathematics teachers’ beliefs about mathematics teaching. Australian Journal of Teacher Education, 33(5), 66–80. https://doi.org/10.14221/ajte.2008v33n5.5
  • Carrión, G. C., Nitzl, C., & Roldán, J. L. (2017). Mediation analyses in partial least squares structural equation modeling: guidelines and empirical examples. In H. Latan & R. Noonan (Eds.), Partial Least Squares Path Modeling (pp. 173-195). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-64069-3_8
  • Dayal, H. C., & Lingam, G. I. (2020). Fijian secondary mathematics teachers’ beliefs about the nature of mathematics and their self-reported teaching practices. In J. Dorovolomo & G. I. Lingam (Eds.), Leadership, Community Partnerships and Schools in the Pacific Islands (pp. 77-90). Springer Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-6483-3_7
  • Ernest, P. (1989). The knowledge, beliefs and attitudes of the mathematics teacher: a model. Journal of Education for Teaching, 15(1), 13–33. https://doi.org/10.1080/0260747890150102
  • Ernest, P. (1994). The impact of beliefs on the teaching of mathematics. Association of Teachers of Mathematics.
  • Esposito, V., Wang, C., Hanseler, J., & H, W. (2010). Handbook of partial least squares. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-32827-8
  • Felbrich, A., Kaiser, G., & Schmotz, C. (2014). The cultural dimension of beliefs: An investigation of future primary teachers’ epistemological beliefs concerning the nature of mathematics in 15 countries. In S. Blömeke, F.-J. Hsieh, G. Kaiser, & W. H. Schmidt (Eds.), International Perspectives on Teacher Knowledge, Beliefs and Opportunities to Learn (pp. 209–229). Springer Netherlands. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6437-8_10
  • Forgasz, H. J., & Leder, G. C. (2008). Beliefs about mathematics and mathematics teaching. In P. A. Sullivan & T. Wood (Eds.), International Handbook of Mathematics Teacher Education: Volume 1 (pp. 173–192). Brill Sense.
  • Golafshani, N. (2013). Teachers’ beliefs and teaching mathematics with manipulatives. Canadian Journal of Education, 36(3), 137–159.
  • Hair, J. F., Hult, T., Ringle, C. ., Sarstedt, M., Danks, N. ., & Ray, S. (2021). Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) using R: A workbook. Springer.
  • Hair., J. F., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2011). PLS-SEM: Indeed a silver bullet. Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice, 19(2), 139–152. https://doi.org/10.2753/MTP1069-6679190202
  • Hair, J., & Alamer, A. (2022). Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) in second language and education research: Guidelines using an applied example. Research Methods in Applied Linguistics, 1(3), 100027. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rmal.2022.100027
  • Jackson, E. (2017). Beliefs about mathematics. In E. Jackson (Ed.), Reflective Primary Mathematics (pp. 101–120). Sage. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781473921429.n8
  • Maasz, J., & Schlöglmann, W. (2009). Beliefs and attitudes in mathematics education: New research results. Sense Publisher.
  • Macnab, D. S. (2003). Beliefs, attitudes and practices in mathematics teaching: Perceptions of Scottish primary school student teachers. Journal of Education for Teaching, 29(1), 55–68. https://doi.org/10.1080/0260747022000057927
  • Mapolelo, D. C., & Akinsola, M. K. (2015). Preparation of mathematics teachers: lessons from review of literature on teachers’knowledge, beliefs, and teacher education. International Journal of Educational Studies, 2(1), 1–12.
  • Mcdonough, A., & Clarke, B. (2005). Professional development as a catalyst for changes in beliefs and practice : perspectives from the early numeracy research project professional development in the early numeracy research project. In N. Pateman, B. Dougherty, & J. Zilliox (Eds.), Proceedings of the 27th Annual Conference of the International Group for the Psychology of Mathematics Education (Vol. 3, pp. 261-268). PME.
  • Nisbet, S., & Warren, E. (2000). Primary school teachers’ beliefs relating to mathematics, teaching and assessing mathematics and factors that influence these beliefs. Mathematics Teacher Education and Development, 2, 34–47.
  • Palacios, L. A. R., & Garcia, L. M. C. (2018). Conceptions and beliefs of Honduran teachers about teaching, learning and assessment of mathematics. Revista Latinoamericana de Investigacion En Matematica Educativa, 21, 275.
  • Purnomo, Y. W. (2017). A scale for measuring teachers’ mathematics-related beliefs: A validity and reliability study. International Journal of Instruction, 10(2), 2–38. https://doi.org/10.12973/iji.2017.10120a
  • Ren, L., & Smith, W. M. (2018). Teacher characteristics and contextual factors: links to early primary teachers’ mathematical beliefs and attitudes. Journal of Mathematics Teacher Education, 21(4), 321–350. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10857-017-9365-3
  • Schoen, R. C., & LaVenia, M. (2019). Teacher beliefs about mathematics teaching and learning: Identifying and clarifying three constructs. Cogent Education, 6(1), 1599488. https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2019.1599488
  • Tamba, K. P., & Wiputra, C. (2021). The relationship between pre-service elementary school mathematics teachers ’ beliefs about epistemology of mathematics, teaching and learning, and mathematics assessment. Premiere Educandum: Jurnal Pendidikan Dasar Dan Pembelajaran, 11(1), 40–41. https://doi.org/10.25273/pe.v11i1.8311
  • Thompson, A. G. (1992). Teachers’ beliefs and conceptions: A synthesis of the research. In Douglas Grouws (Ed.), Handbook of Research on Mathematics Teaching and Learning (pp. 127-146). NCTM.
  • Videnovic, M. (2021). Commentary on Paul Ernest’s theory about teachers’ beliefs and practice. Indonesian Journal of Mathematics Education, 4(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.31002/ijome.v4i1.3634
  • Viholainen, A., Asikainen, M., & Hirvonen, P. E. (2017). Mathematics student teachers’ epistemological beliefs about the nature of mathematics and the goals of mathematics teaching and learning in the beginning of their studies. Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 10(2), 159-171. https://doi.org/10.12973/eurasia.2014.1028a
  • Wilkins, J. (2008). The relationship among elementary teachers’ content knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and practices. Journal of Mathematics Teacher Education, 11(2), 139–164. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10857-007-9068-2
  • Zakaria, E., & Musiran, N. (2010). Beliefs about the nature of mathematics, mathematics teaching and learning among trainee teachers. The Social Sciences, 5(4), 346-351.

License

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.